Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy) 1282 pages, pb publication 2008. More books on homeopathy, alternative medicine and a healthy life www.narayana-verlag.com.
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Dr. V.K. Chauhan Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy) Reading excerpt Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy) of Dr. V.K. Chauhan Publisher: B. Jain
http://www.narayana-verlag.com/b5721 In the Narayana webshop you can find all english books on homeopathy, alternative medicine and a healthy life. Copying excerpts is not permitted. Narayana Verlag GmbH, Blumenplatz 2, D-79400 Kandern, Germany Tel. +49 7626 9749 700 Email [email protected] http://www.narayana-verlag.com
Chapter 6
PATHOLOGY Q. 1. In which one of the following conditions is Serum Alkaline Phosphatase not raised: (UPSC-02)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Hypothyroidism Paget's disease Hepatic disease resulting from certain drugs Osteoblastic bone disease
Ans. (a)
Note: Normal Range: 44 to 147 IU/L Raised in: anemia, biliary obstruction, bone disease, healing fracture, hepatitis, hyperparathyroidism, leukemia, liver diseases, osteoblastic bone cancers, osteomalacia, paget's disease, rickets. Lower than normal: malnutrition, protein deficiency. More information: Elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase is found in diseases of bone, liver and in pregnancy. Reference; Textbook of pathology by Harsh Mohan 4th Edition, chapter 17 - GIT, pg 572 Q. 2. Casoni's intradermal test is done for the diagnosis of: (UPSC-02)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Schistosomiasis Hydatid cyst Fish tapeworm infestation Fascioliasis
Ans. (b)
Note: The diagnosis of hydatid cyst is made by peripheral blood eosinophilia, radiologic examination and serological test such as indirect haemagglutination test and casoni skin test. Ref; Textbook of pathology by Harsh Mohan, 4* Edition, chapter 17 - GIT, pg 598 Q. 3. Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumour originating from: (UPSC-02)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Bone marrow Striated muscle Fibrous tissue Smooth muscle
Ans. (d)
Note: Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant smooth muscle neoplasm and may present as soft tissue tumours but about 95% leiomyomas and substantial fraction of the malignant counterparts as well occur within female genital tract.
Narayana Verlag, 79400 Kandern Tel.: 0049 7626 974 970 0 Excerpt from Dr. V.K. Chauhan: Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy)
373 Ref: Robbins pathologic basis of disease, 4th Edition, Ch 28- The Musculoskeletal System, pg 1377 Q. 4. Consider the following features: (UPSC-02) (a) Pleomorphism (b) Loss of polarity (c) Atypical mitosis (d) Atypical nuclear cytoplasmic ratio Which of these features is / are helpful for confirmation of a malignant tumor? (a) a and b (b) c only (c) b, c, and d (d) a and d Ans. (d)
Note: As a result of neoplasia, noticeable alteration in neoplastic cells are observed1. Pleomorphism- means variation in size and shape of tumour cells. 2. Nucleocytoplasmic changes- nuclei of malignant tumour cells are enlarged, disproportionate to cell size so that nucleocytoplasmic ratio is increased. Reference; Textbook of pathology by Harsh Mohan, 4th Edition, Chapter 7- Neoplasia, Pg 180 I Q. 5. During his study on filariasis, Manson observed that laboratory workers in the night shifts were better because they identified lots of microfilaria, while the day workers did not identify even a single microfilaria. Thus he excluded all the day workers from the blood test. This action was not justified because: (UPSC-02) (a) Microfilaria are formed during night (b) Mosquitoes introduce microfilaria during night (c) Microfilaria appears in peripheral blood at night (d) Microfilaria is destroyed by daylight Ans. (c)
Note: Wuchereria Bancrofts Ref: Parasitology by K.D. Chatterjee, Ch- Nematohelminthes. Q. 6. For the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease during histological examination one should confirm the presence of; (UPSC-02) (a) Lymphocytes (b) Reed sternberg cells (c) Macropolycytes (d) Shikata cells Ans. (b)
Note: Hodgkins disease is a disorder involving primarily lymphoid tissues. It is characterized morphologically by the presence of distinctive neoplastic giant cells called Reed Sternberg cells, admixed with a variable i inflammatory infiltrate.
Narayana Verlag, 79400 Kandern Tel.: 0049 7626 974 970 0 Excerpt from Dr. V.K. Chauhan: Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy)
Ref: Robbins pathologic basis of disease, 4th Edition, chapter 15- Diseases of white cells, LN& spleen, pg 717
For the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease the detection of Reed-Sternberg Cells on Histological examination of biopsy is diagnostic. Q. 7. Cloudy swelling occurs in all except; (UPSC-02) (a) Heart (b) Kidney (c) Liver (d) Lung Ans. (d) Note: In reversible cell injury, cellular swelling or cloudy swelling occurs. Cloudy swelling results from impaired regulation of cellular volume, especially for sodium. Injurious agent may interfere with regulatory mechanism and result in accumulation of sodium in cell which in turn leads to inflow of water and hence cellular swelling occurs. The affected organ such as kidney, liver or heart muscle is enlarged due to swelling. Ref: Textbook of pathology by Harsh Mohan, 4th Edition, Chapter 2- Cell injury & Cellular adaptation, Pg25 Q. 8. Cholesterol level in blood does not increase in case of; (UPSC-02) (a) Nephrotic syndrome (b) Obstructive jaundice (c) Hypoparathyroidism (d) Hyperthyroidism Ans. (d) Note: Normal Value: 140 -220 mg/dl Increased levels occur in: Familial hyperlipidemias, hypothyroidism Nephrotic syndrome, uncontrolled diabetes. Decreased levels may indicate: hyperthyroidism, liver disease, malabsorption, malnutrition, pernicious anemia, 1 sepsis. Ref: Essentials of Biochemistry by U. Satyanarayana, Pg-167 Also see: INCREASED LIPOPROTEIN CLASS LDL
LDL and VLDL
INCREASED LIPID CLASS Cholesterol
DISORDER
Cholesterol and triglycerides
Nephroic syndrome, stress, diet
Nephrotic syndrome, hyperthyroidism
Ref: Robbins pathologic basis of disease, 4th Edition, chapter 12-Blood Vessels, pg 561 Q. 9. The light brown perinuclear pigment seen on H & E staining of the cardiac muscle fibres in the grossly normal appearing heart of an 83 year old man at autopsy is due to deposition of: (AIIMS/May-03)
Narayana Verlag, 79400 Kandern Tel.: 0049 7626 974 970 0 Excerpt from Dr. V.K. Chauhan: Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy)
Dr. V.K. Chauhan
Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy)
1282 pages, pb publication 2008
More books on homeopathy, alternative medicine and a healthy life www.narayana-verlag.com
http://www.narayana-verlag.com/b5721 In the Narayana webshop you can find all english books on homeopathy, alternative medicine and a healthy life. Copying excerpts is not permitted. Narayana Verlag GmbH, Blumenplatz 2, D-79400 Kandern, Germany Tel. +49 7626 9749 700 Email [email protected] http://www.narayana-verlag.com
Chapter 6
PATHOLOGY Q. 1. In which one of the following conditions is Serum Alkaline Phosphatase not raised: (UPSC-02)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Hypothyroidism Paget's disease Hepatic disease resulting from certain drugs Osteoblastic bone disease
Ans. (a)
Note: Normal Range: 44 to 147 IU/L Raised in: anemia, biliary obstruction, bone disease, healing fracture, hepatitis, hyperparathyroidism, leukemia, liver diseases, osteoblastic bone cancers, osteomalacia, paget's disease, rickets. Lower than normal: malnutrition, protein deficiency. More information: Elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase is found in diseases of bone, liver and in pregnancy. Reference; Textbook of pathology by Harsh Mohan 4th Edition, chapter 17 - GIT, pg 572 Q. 2. Casoni's intradermal test is done for the diagnosis of: (UPSC-02)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Schistosomiasis Hydatid cyst Fish tapeworm infestation Fascioliasis
Ans. (b)
Note: The diagnosis of hydatid cyst is made by peripheral blood eosinophilia, radiologic examination and serological test such as indirect haemagglutination test and casoni skin test. Ref; Textbook of pathology by Harsh Mohan, 4* Edition, chapter 17 - GIT, pg 598 Q. 3. Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumour originating from: (UPSC-02)
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Bone marrow Striated muscle Fibrous tissue Smooth muscle
Ans. (d)
Note: Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant smooth muscle neoplasm and may present as soft tissue tumours but about 95% leiomyomas and substantial fraction of the malignant counterparts as well occur within female genital tract.
Narayana Verlag, 79400 Kandern Tel.: 0049 7626 974 970 0 Excerpt from Dr. V.K. Chauhan: Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy)
373 Ref: Robbins pathologic basis of disease, 4th Edition, Ch 28- The Musculoskeletal System, pg 1377 Q. 4. Consider the following features: (UPSC-02) (a) Pleomorphism (b) Loss of polarity (c) Atypical mitosis (d) Atypical nuclear cytoplasmic ratio Which of these features is / are helpful for confirmation of a malignant tumor? (a) a and b (b) c only (c) b, c, and d (d) a and d Ans. (d)
Note: As a result of neoplasia, noticeable alteration in neoplastic cells are observed1. Pleomorphism- means variation in size and shape of tumour cells. 2. Nucleocytoplasmic changes- nuclei of malignant tumour cells are enlarged, disproportionate to cell size so that nucleocytoplasmic ratio is increased. Reference; Textbook of pathology by Harsh Mohan, 4th Edition, Chapter 7- Neoplasia, Pg 180 I Q. 5. During his study on filariasis, Manson observed that laboratory workers in the night shifts were better because they identified lots of microfilaria, while the day workers did not identify even a single microfilaria. Thus he excluded all the day workers from the blood test. This action was not justified because: (UPSC-02) (a) Microfilaria are formed during night (b) Mosquitoes introduce microfilaria during night (c) Microfilaria appears in peripheral blood at night (d) Microfilaria is destroyed by daylight Ans. (c)
Note: Wuchereria Bancrofts Ref: Parasitology by K.D. Chatterjee, Ch- Nematohelminthes. Q. 6. For the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease during histological examination one should confirm the presence of; (UPSC-02) (a) Lymphocytes (b) Reed sternberg cells (c) Macropolycytes (d) Shikata cells Ans. (b)
Note: Hodgkins disease is a disorder involving primarily lymphoid tissues. It is characterized morphologically by the presence of distinctive neoplastic giant cells called Reed Sternberg cells, admixed with a variable i inflammatory infiltrate.
Narayana Verlag, 79400 Kandern Tel.: 0049 7626 974 970 0 Excerpt from Dr. V.K. Chauhan: Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy)
Ref: Robbins pathologic basis of disease, 4th Edition, chapter 15- Diseases of white cells, LN& spleen, pg 717
For the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease the detection of Reed-Sternberg Cells on Histological examination of biopsy is diagnostic. Q. 7. Cloudy swelling occurs in all except; (UPSC-02) (a) Heart (b) Kidney (c) Liver (d) Lung Ans. (d) Note: In reversible cell injury, cellular swelling or cloudy swelling occurs. Cloudy swelling results from impaired regulation of cellular volume, especially for sodium. Injurious agent may interfere with regulatory mechanism and result in accumulation of sodium in cell which in turn leads to inflow of water and hence cellular swelling occurs. The affected organ such as kidney, liver or heart muscle is enlarged due to swelling. Ref: Textbook of pathology by Harsh Mohan, 4th Edition, Chapter 2- Cell injury & Cellular adaptation, Pg25 Q. 8. Cholesterol level in blood does not increase in case of; (UPSC-02) (a) Nephrotic syndrome (b) Obstructive jaundice (c) Hypoparathyroidism (d) Hyperthyroidism Ans. (d) Note: Normal Value: 140 -220 mg/dl Increased levels occur in: Familial hyperlipidemias, hypothyroidism Nephrotic syndrome, uncontrolled diabetes. Decreased levels may indicate: hyperthyroidism, liver disease, malabsorption, malnutrition, pernicious anemia, 1 sepsis. Ref: Essentials of Biochemistry by U. Satyanarayana, Pg-167 Also see: INCREASED LIPOPROTEIN CLASS LDL
LDL and VLDL
INCREASED LIPID CLASS Cholesterol
DISORDER
Cholesterol and triglycerides
Nephroic syndrome, stress, diet
Nephrotic syndrome, hyperthyroidism
Ref: Robbins pathologic basis of disease, 4th Edition, chapter 12-Blood Vessels, pg 561 Q. 9. The light brown perinuclear pigment seen on H & E staining of the cardiac muscle fibres in the grossly normal appearing heart of an 83 year old man at autopsy is due to deposition of: (AIIMS/May-03)
Narayana Verlag, 79400 Kandern Tel.: 0049 7626 974 970 0 Excerpt from Dr. V.K. Chauhan: Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy)
Dr. V.K. Chauhan
Solved Multiple Choice Questions UPSC & M.D.Entrance Examination (Homoeopathy)
1282 pages, pb publication 2008
More books on homeopathy, alternative medicine and a healthy life www.narayana-verlag.com